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Business dictionary

Every business term, explained simply

From khata to KOT, NTN to Raast — Pakistan\'s most complete business glossary in English and اردو.

POS (Point of Sale)

پی او ایس
Technology

The system where a sale happens — scanning items, taking payment, and issuing a receipt. Modern POS systems like Nafaa also track inventory, customers, and reports in real time.

Example: A kiryana store scanning a packet of biscuits and accepting JazzCash payment.
See it in Nafaa

Khata

کھاتہ
Pakistani Business

The traditional Pakistani credit ledger — a register recording what customers owe (udhaar). Digital khata replaces the paper book with automatic tracking and WhatsApp reminders.

Example: A kiryana store tracking Rs 500 udhaar for a regular customer.
See it in Nafaa

Udhaar

ادھار
Pakistani Business

Credit given to customers — buy now, pay later. A foundational practice in Pakistani retail, especially kiryana stores. Managing udhaar well determines profitability.

FBR POS Integration

ایف بی آر پی او ایس انضمام
Compliance

Mandatory real-time connection between a Tier 1 retailer's POS and the Federal Board of Revenue. Every invoice is submitted instantly with QR verification.

See it in Nafaa

Tier 1 Retailer

ٹیئر ۱ ریٹیلر
Compliance

An FBR classification for larger retailers — typically air-conditioned premises, chains, or high-turnover businesses — who must integrate their POS with FBR in real time.

NTN (National Tax Number)

این ٹی این
Compliance

Your business tax identity in Pakistan, issued by FBR through the IRIS portal. Required for opening business bank accounts and FBR POS registration.

STRN (Sales Tax Registration Number)

ایس ٹی آر این
Compliance

Registration number for businesses charging sales tax in Pakistan. Required alongside NTN for FBR POS integration.

Raast

راست
Payments

Pakistan's instant payment system by the State Bank — free, real-time bank-to-bank transfers using simple Raast IDs instead of full IBANs.

See it in Nafaa

IMEI

آئی ایم ای آئی
Technology

A unique 15-digit identifier for every mobile phone. Pakistani mobile shops track inventory by IMEI for authenticity verification and PTA compliance.

See it in Nafaa

PTA Approved

پی ٹی اے منظور شدہ
Compliance

A phone whose import duties are paid and is registered with the Pakistan Telecommunication Authority. Non-PTA phones get blocked from local networks.

SKU (Stock Keeping Unit)

ایس کے یو
Inventory

A unique code for each product variant in your inventory. A kurta in medium-green is a different SKU than the same kurta in large-green.

FIFO (First In, First Out)

فائفو
Inventory

Inventory logic where the oldest stock sells first. Critical for pharmacies and bakeries to prevent expiry losses.

Batch Tracking

بیچ ٹریکنگ
Inventory

Recording each purchase lot separately with its expiry date. Essential for medicines, food, and cosmetics where different batches expire at different times.

See it in Nafaa

KOT (Kitchen Order Ticket)

کے او ٹی
Restaurant

The printed or digital ticket sent to the kitchen when an order is placed. Modern systems route different items to different stations (grill, bar, tandoor) automatically.

See it in Nafaa

COD (Cash on Delivery)

سی او ڈی
Payments

Payment collected when the product is delivered — the dominant e-commerce payment method in Pakistan, handled by couriers like TCS and Leopards.

GMV (Gross Merchandise Value)

جی ایم وی
Metrics

Total value of all goods sold through a platform before deducting fees. Marketplaces measure their size by GMV.

Layaway

لے وے
Retail

Reserving an item with partial payments over time — the customer takes it home only after full payment. Popular for expensive items like bridal wear and jewelry.

DRAP

ڈریپ
Compliance

Drug Regulatory Authority of Pakistan — the body that licenses pharmacies and regulates medicine sales, including batch records and controlled substances.

See it in Nafaa

Escrow

ایسکرو
Payments

A neutral third party holding payment until both sides fulfill their obligations. Nafaa Bazaar uses escrow so buyers pay safely and sellers ship confidently.

AEO (Answer Engine Optimization)

اے ای او
Marketing

Optimizing content so AI tools like ChatGPT, Claude, and Perplexity cite your business in their answers — the 2026 successor to traditional SEO.

GEO (Generative Engine Optimization)

جی ای او
Marketing

Structuring content with entity mentions, comparison tables, direct answers, and specific numbers so generative AI search engines recommend your brand.

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